King James Version · Under Rome
Romans 10
Touch any underlined name to see who or where it is. Tap a verse number to see where it is taken up elsewhere.
Brethren, ’s and to for Israel is, that they might be . For I bear them record that they have a of , but not according to knowledge. For they being ignorant of ’s , and going about to establish their own , have not submitted themselves unto the of . For Christ is the end of for to every one that believeth. For describeth the which is of , That the man which doeth those things shall live by them. But the which is of speaketh on this , Say not in thine , Who shall ascend into ? (that is, to bring Christ down from above:) Or, Who shall descend into the deep? (that is, to bring up Christ again from .) But what saith it? The word is nigh thee, even in thy , and in thy : that is, the word of , which we preach; That if thou shalt with thy , and shalt in thine that hath him from , thou shalt be . For with man believeth unto ; and with the is made unto . For the saith, Whosoever believeth on him shall not be . For there is no difference between the and the : for the same over all is rich unto all that call upon him. For whosoever shall call upon the name of shall be . How then shall they call on him in whom they have not ? and how shall they in him of whom they have not heard? and how shall they hear without a preacher? And how shall they preach, except they be sent? as , How beautiful are the feet of them that preach of peace, and bring of good things! But they have not all . For saith, , who hath our report? So then cometh by hearing, and hearing by the word of . But I say, Have they not heard? Yes verily, their sound went into all the earth, and their words unto the ends of the world. But I say, Did not Israel know? First saith, I will provoke you to by them that are no people, and by a foolish nation I will you. But is very bold, and saith, I was found of them that sought me not; I was made manifest unto them that asked not after me. But to Israel he saith, All day long I have stretched forth my hands unto a and gainsaying people.
The 1611 translation, public domain. Its original printing included the Apocrypha, which is why the deuterocanonical books can be read here. Notes and cards are EKLI’s own.
The world at this moment · Under Rome, 63 BC to AD 100 ›
Judea as a client kingdom and then a province. Roads, garrisons, taxes, crucifixion, and a common Greek language that let a message travel the empire faster than any before it.
- Rome
- The republic tears itself apart in civil war and comes out as an empire under Augustus. What follows is two centuries of relative peace across the whole Mediterranean, enforced by legions and paid for by taxes, with safe roads and safe sea lanes. Every one of Paul's journeys depends on that.
- Judea
- Governed first through Herod the Great, a client king of enormous ability and enormous brutality who rebuilds the temple into one of the wonders of the ancient world, then directly by Roman prefects. Crucifixion is the standard penalty for sedition and is used often and publicly.
- The wider world
- Greek is spoken from Spain to Syria, which means a letter written in Corinth can be read in Rome without translation. Jewish communities already exist in most major cities, which is where the first Christian preaching lands. Mystery religions, imperial cult, and philosophy all compete in the same marketplace.
- Further afield
- The Han dynasty rules China and trades silk westward along routes that touch the Roman world at second hand. In Britain the Roman conquest begins within a decade of the crucifixion.