King James Version · Egypt and Sinai
Leviticus 27
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1And spake unto , saying, Speak unto the , and say unto them, When a man shall make a singular , the persons shall be for by thy estimation. And thy estimation shall be of the male from twenty years old even unto sixty years old, even thy estimation shall be fifty of silver, after the . And if it be a female, then thy estimation shall be thirty . 5And if it be from five years old even unto twenty years old, then thy estimation shall be of the male twenty , and for the female ten . And if it be from a month old even unto five years old, then thy estimation shall be of the male five of silver, and for the female thy estimation shall be three of silver. And if it be from sixty years old and above; if it be a male, then thy estimation shall be fifteen , and for the female ten . But if he be poorer than thy estimation, then he shall present himself before the priest, and the priest shall value him; according to his ability that shall the priest value him. 9And if it be a beast, whereof men bring an unto , all that any man giveth of such unto shall be . He shall not alter it, nor change it, a good for a bad, or a bad for a good: and if he shall at all change beast for beast, then it and the exchange thereof shall be . And if it be any beast, of which they do not offer a unto , then he shall present before the priest: 12And the priest shall value it, whether it be good or bad: as thou valuest it, who art the priest, so shall it be. But if he will at all it, then he shall add a fifth part thereof unto thy estimation. And when a man shall his house to be unto , then the priest shall estimate it, whether it be good or bad: as the priest shall estimate it, so shall it stand. And if he that it will his house, then he shall add the fifth part of the money of thy estimation unto it, and it shall be his. And if a man shall unto some part of a field of his possession, then thy estimation shall be according to the thereof: an homer of barley shall be valued at fifty of silver. 17If he his field from the year of jubile, according to thy estimation it shall stand. But if he his field after the jubile, then the priest shall reckon unto him the money according to the years that , even unto the year of the jubile, and it shall be abated from thy estimation. And if he that the field will in any it, then he shall add the fifth part of the money of thy estimation unto it, and it shall be assured to him. 20And if he will not the field, or if he have sold the field to another man, it shall not be any more. But the field, when it goeth out in the jubile, shall be unto , as a field devoted; the possession thereof shall be the priest’s. And if a man unto a field which he hath bought, which is not of the fields of his possession; Then the priest shall reckon unto him the worth of thy estimation, even unto the year of the jubile: and he shall give thine estimation in that day, as a thing unto . In the year of the jubile the field shall return unto him of whom it was bought, even to him to whom the possession of the land did belong. And all thy estimations shall be according to the : twenty gerahs shall be the . Only the firstling of the , which should be ’s firstling, no man shall it; whether it be ox, or sheep: it is ’s. And if it be of an beast, then he shall it according to thine estimation, and shall add a fifth part of it thereto: or if it be not , then it shall be sold according to thy estimation. Notwithstanding no devoted thing, that a man shall devote unto of all that he hath, both of man and beast, and of the field of his possession, shall be sold or : every devoted thing is most unto . None devoted, which shall be devoted of men, shall be ; but shall surely be put to . And all the of the land, whether of the of the land, or of the fruit of the tree, is ’s: it is unto . 31And if a man will at all ought of his , he shall add thereto the fifth part thereof. And concerning the of the herd, or of the flock, even of whatsoever passeth under the , the tenth shall be unto . He shall not search whether it be good or bad, neither shall he change it: and if he change it at all, then both it and the change thereof shall be ; it shall not be . These are , which commanded for the in .
The 1611 translation, public domain. Its original printing included the Apocrypha, which is why the deuterocanonical books can be read here. Notes and cards are EKLI’s own.
The world at this moment · Egypt and Sinai, 1450 BC to 1200 BC ›
Israel in and then out of Egypt, at a period when Egypt was an imperial power that also controlled Canaan. The nation is formed as a people with a law before it has any land.
- Egypt
- The New Kingdom at its imperial peak, with a professional army, a chariot corps, and control reaching up through Canaan. Ramesses II reigns for sixty-six years and covers the country in monuments to himself. Egyptian power in this period is the reason Canaan is garrisoned rather than free.
- The Hittites
- The other superpower, in what is now Turkey, and Egypt's rival for the Levant. The two fight the largest chariot battle of the ancient world at Kadesh, then sign a treaty whose text survives from both sides. Hittite treaty form, with its historical prologue, stipulations, witnesses, blessings, and curses, is the shape the Sinai covenant takes, which is one of the stronger arguments for the antiquity of that material.
- The Aegean
- Mycenaean Greece: warrior kings in stone citadels at Mycenae and Pylos, keeping palace accounts in Linear B. The world of the Trojan War stories, whatever lies behind them.
- Further afield
- The Shang dynasty in China is casting extraordinary bronzes and writing questions to its ancestors on ox bones. In Mesoamerica the Olmec are beginning the first civilisation of the Americas.