World English Bible · Egypt and Sinai
Leviticus 27
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1 spoke to , saying, "Speak to the , and say to them, 'When a man consecrates a person to in a , according to your valuation, your valuation of a male from twenty years old to sixty years old shall be fifty of silver, according to the . If she is a female, then your valuation shall be thirty . 5If the person is from five years old to twenty years old, then your valuation shall be for a male twenty , and for a female ten . If the person is from a month old to five years old, then your valuation shall be for a male five of silver, and for a female your valuation shall be three of silver. If the person is from sixty years old and upward; if he is a male, then your valuation shall be fifteen , and for a female ten . But if he is poorer than your valuation, then he shall be set before the priest, and the priest shall assign a value to him. The priest shall assign a value according to his ability to pay. 9"'If it is an animal of which men offer an to , all that any man gives of such to becomes . He shall not alter it, nor exchange it, a good for a bad, or a bad for a good. If he shall at all exchange animal for animal, then both it and that for which it is exchanged shall be . If it is any animal, of which they do not offer as an to , then he shall set the animal before the priest; 12and the priest shall evaluate it, whether it is good or bad. As the priest evaluates it, so it shall be. But if he will indeed it, then he shall add the fifth part of it to its valuation. "'When a man dedicates his house to be to , then the priest shall evaluate it, whether it is good or bad. As the priest evaluates it, so it shall stand. If he who dedicates it will his house, then he shall add the fifth part of the money of your valuation to it, and it shall be his. "'If a man dedicates to part of the field of his possession, then your valuation shall be according to the for it. The sowing of a homer of barley shall be valued at fifty of silver. 17If he dedicates his field from the , according to your valuation it shall stand. But if he dedicates his field after the , then the priest shall reckon to him the money according to the years that to the ; and an abatement shall be made from your valuation. If he who dedicated the field will indeed it, then he shall add the fifth part of the money of your valuation to it, and it shall his. 20If he will not the field, or if he has sold the field to another man, it shall not be any more; but the field, when it goes out in the , shall be to , as a devoted field. It shall be owned by the priests. "'If he dedicates a field to which he has bought, which is not of the field of his possession, then the priest shall reckon to him the worth of your valuation up to the ; and he shall give your valuation on that day, as a thing to . In the the field shall return to him from whom it was bought, even to him to whom the possession of the land belongs. All your valuations shall be according to the : twenty gerahs to the . "'However among animals, which belongs to as a , no man may dedicate, whether an ox or a sheep. It is . If it is an animal, then he shall buy it back according to your valuation, and shall add to it the fifth part of it; or if it isn't , then it shall be sold according to your valuation. "'Notwithstanding, no devoted thing that a man devotes to of all that he has, whether of man or animal, or of the field of his possession, shall be sold or . Everything that is permanently devoted is most to . "'No one , who shall be devoted from among men, shall be ransomed. He shall surely be put to . "'All the of the land, whether of the of the land or of the fruit of the trees, is . It is to . 31If a man redeems anything of his , he shall add a fifth part to it. All the of the herds or the flocks, whatever passes under the , the tenth shall be to . He shall not examine whether it is good or bad, neither shall he exchange it. If he exchanges it at all, then both it and that for which it is exchanged shall be . It shall not be .'" These are which commanded for the on .
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The world at this moment · Egypt and Sinai, 1450 BC to 1200 BC ›
Israel in and then out of Egypt, at a period when Egypt was an imperial power that also controlled Canaan. The nation is formed as a people with a law before it has any land.
- Egypt
- The New Kingdom at its imperial peak, with a professional army, a chariot corps, and control reaching up through Canaan. Ramesses II reigns for sixty-six years and covers the country in monuments to himself. Egyptian power in this period is the reason Canaan is garrisoned rather than free.
- The Hittites
- The other superpower, in what is now Turkey, and Egypt's rival for the Levant. The two fight the largest chariot battle of the ancient world at Kadesh, then sign a treaty whose text survives from both sides. Hittite treaty form, with its historical prologue, stipulations, witnesses, blessings, and curses, is the shape the Sinai covenant takes, which is one of the stronger arguments for the antiquity of that material.
- The Aegean
- Mycenaean Greece: warrior kings in stone citadels at Mycenae and Pylos, keeping palace accounts in Linear B. The world of the Trojan War stories, whatever lies behind them.
- Further afield
- The Shang dynasty in China is casting extraordinary bronzes and writing questions to its ancestors on ox bones. In Mesoamerica the Olmec are beginning the first civilisation of the Americas.