World English Bible · Egypt and Sinai
Leviticus 23
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1 spoke to , saying, "Speak to the , and tell them, 'The set feasts of , which you shall proclaim to be convocations, even these are my set feasts. "'Six days shall work be done, but on the seventh day is a of solemn rest, a convocation; you shall do no kind of work. It is a to in all your dwellings. "'These are the set feasts of , even convocations, which you shall proclaim in their appointed season. In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month in the evening, is . On the fifteenth day of the same month is the feast of to . Seven days you shall eat . In the first day you shall have a convocation. You shall do no regular work. 8But you shall offer an made by to seven days. In the seventh day is a convocation. You shall do no regular work.'" 9 spoke to , saying, "Speak to the , and tell them, 'When you have come into the land which I give to you, and shall reap its harvest, then you shall bring the sheaf of the of your harvest to the priest. He shall wave the sheaf before , to be accepted for you. On the next day after the the priest shall wave it. On the day when you wave the sheaf, you shall offer a male lamb a year old for a to . The with it shall be two tenths of an ephah of mixed with oil, an made by to for a pleasant aroma; and the drink with it shall be of , the fourth part of a hin. You must not eat bread, or roasted grain, or fresh grain, until this same day, until you have brought the of your . This is a throughout your generations in all your dwellings. "'You shall count from the next day after the , from the day that you brought the sheaf of the wave : seven shall be completed. The next day after the seventh you shall count fifty days; and you shall offer a new to . You shall bring out of your habitations two loaves of bread for a wave made of two tenths of an ephah of . They shall be baked with , for to . You shall present with the bread seven lambs a year old, one young bull, and two rams. They shall be a to , with their and their drink , even an made by , of a sweet aroma to . You shall offer one male goat for a , and two male lambs a year old for a of . The priest shall wave them with the bread of the for a wave before , with the two lambs. They shall be to for the priest. You shall make proclamation on the same day that there shall be a convocation to you. You shall do no regular work. This is a in all your dwellings throughout your generations. "'When you reap the harvest of your land, you must not wholly reap into the corners of your field. You must not gather the of your harvest. You must leave them for and for the . I am your .'" 23 spoke to , saying, "Speak to the , saying, 'In the seventh month, on the first day of the month, there shall be a solemn rest for you, a memorial of blowing of , a convocation. You shall do no regular work. You shall offer an made by to .'" 26 spoke to , saying, "However on the tenth day of this seventh month is the . It shall be a convocation to you. You shall afflict yourselves and you shall offer an made by to . You shall do no kind of work in that same day, for it is a , to make atonement for you before your . For whoever it is who shall not deny himself in that same day from his people. Whoever does any kind of work in that same day, I will destroy that person from among his people. 31You shall do no kind of work: it is a throughout your generations in all your dwellings. It shall be a of solemn rest for you, and you shall deny yourselves. In the ninth day of the month at evening, from evening to evening, you shall keep your ." 33 spoke to , saying, "Speak to the , and say, 'On the fifteenth day of this seventh month is the feast of for seven days to . On the first day shall be a convocation. You shall do no regular work. Seven days you shall offer an made by to . On the eighth day shall be a convocation to you. You shall offer an made by to . It is a solemn ; you shall do no regular work. "'These are the of which you shall proclaim to be convocations, to offer an made by to , a , a , a , and drink , each on its own day— in addition to the of , and in addition to your gifts, and in addition to all your , and in addition to all your free will , which you give to . "'So on the fifteenth day of the seventh month, when you have gathered in the fruits of the land, you shall keep the feast of seven days. On the first day shall be a solemn rest, and on the eighth day shall be a solemn rest. You shall take on the first day the fruit of majestic trees, of palm trees, and boughs of thick trees, and willows of the brook; and you shall rejoice before your seven days. You shall keep it as a feast to seven days in the year. It is a throughout your generations. You shall keep it in the seventh month. You shall in temporary shelters for seven days. All who are native-born in Israel shall in temporary shelters, that your generations may know that I made the to in temporary shelters when I brought them out of the land of . I am your .'" So declared to the the of .
A public domain modern English translation, free to read and share. Notes and cards are EKLI’s own.
The world at this moment · Egypt and Sinai, 1450 BC to 1200 BC ›
Israel in and then out of Egypt, at a period when Egypt was an imperial power that also controlled Canaan. The nation is formed as a people with a law before it has any land.
- Egypt
- The New Kingdom at its imperial peak, with a professional army, a chariot corps, and control reaching up through Canaan. Ramesses II reigns for sixty-six years and covers the country in monuments to himself. Egyptian power in this period is the reason Canaan is garrisoned rather than free.
- The Hittites
- The other superpower, in what is now Turkey, and Egypt's rival for the Levant. The two fight the largest chariot battle of the ancient world at Kadesh, then sign a treaty whose text survives from both sides. Hittite treaty form, with its historical prologue, stipulations, witnesses, blessings, and curses, is the shape the Sinai covenant takes, which is one of the stronger arguments for the antiquity of that material.
- The Aegean
- Mycenaean Greece: warrior kings in stone citadels at Mycenae and Pylos, keeping palace accounts in Linear B. The world of the Trojan War stories, whatever lies behind them.
- Further afield
- The Shang dynasty in China is casting extraordinary bronzes and writing questions to its ancestors on ox bones. In Mesoamerica the Olmec are beginning the first civilisation of the Americas.