World English Bible · Under Rome
Romans 5
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Being therefore by , we have peace with through our ; through whom we also have our access by into this in which we stand. We rejoice in of the of . Not only this, but we also rejoice in our sufferings, knowing that suffering produces ; and , proven character; and proven character, ; and doesn't disappoint us, because love has been poured into our through who was given to us. For while we were yet weak, at the right time Christ for the ungodly. For one will hardly for a man. Yet perhaps for a good person someone would even dare to . But commends his own love toward us, in that while we were yet , Christ for us. Much more then, being now by his , we will be from through him. For if while we were , we were reconciled to through the of his Son, much more, being reconciled, we will be by his life. Not only so, but we also rejoice in through our , through whom we have now received the reconciliation. Therefore, as entered into the world through one man, and through , so passed to all men because all . For until , was in the world; but is not charged when there is no law. Nevertheless reigned from until , even over those whose weren't like , who is a foreshadowing of him who was to come. But the free gift isn't like the trespass. For if by the trespass of the one the many , much more did the of and the gift by the of the one man, , abound to the many. The gift is not as through one who ; for the came by one to condemnation, but the free gift followed many trespasses to . For if by the trespass of the one, reigned through the one; so much more will those who receive the abundance of and of the gift of reign in life through the one, . So then as through one trespass, all men were condemned; even so through one act of , all men were to life. For as through the one man's many were made , even so through the of the one, many will be made . came in that the trespass might abound; but where abounded, abounded more exceedingly, that as reigned in , even so might reign through to through our .
A public domain modern English translation, free to read and share. Notes and cards are EKLI’s own.
Christians read this chapter differently
- What did Adam do to us? · Romans 5:12-19
Every view at its strongest, with who holds it and what it has to answer for.
The world at this moment · Under Rome, 63 BC to AD 100 ›
Judea as a client kingdom and then a province. Roads, garrisons, taxes, crucifixion, and a common Greek language that let a message travel the empire faster than any before it.
- Rome
- The republic tears itself apart in civil war and comes out as an empire under Augustus. What follows is two centuries of relative peace across the whole Mediterranean, enforced by legions and paid for by taxes, with safe roads and safe sea lanes. Every one of Paul's journeys depends on that.
- Judea
- Governed first through Herod the Great, a client king of enormous ability and enormous brutality who rebuilds the temple into one of the wonders of the ancient world, then directly by Roman prefects. Crucifixion is the standard penalty for sedition and is used often and publicly.
- The wider world
- Greek is spoken from Spain to Syria, which means a letter written in Corinth can be read in Rome without translation. Jewish communities already exist in most major cities, which is where the first Christian preaching lands. Mystery religions, imperial cult, and philosophy all compete in the same marketplace.
- Further afield
- The Han dynasty rules China and trades silk westward along routes that touch the Roman world at second hand. In Britain the Roman conquest begins within a decade of the crucifixion.