King James Version · Under Rome
John 8
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went unto . And early in the morning he came again into , and all the people came unto him; and he sat down, and taught them. 3And the and brought unto him a woman taken in ; and when they had set her in the midst, 4They say unto him, Master, this woman was taken in , in the very act. Now in commanded us, that such should be stoned: but what sayest thou? This they said, tempting him, that they might have to accuse him. But stooped down, and with his finger wrote on the ground, as though he heard them not. So when they continued asking him, he lifted up himself, and said unto them, He that is without among you, let him first cast a stone at her. 8And again he stooped down, and wrote on the ground. And they which heard it, being convicted by their own , went out one by one, beginning at the eldest, even unto the last: and was left alone, and the woman standing in the midst. When had lifted up himself, and saw none but the woman, he said unto her, Woman, where are those thine accusers? hath no man condemned thee? She said, No man, . And said unto her, Neither do I condemn thee: go, and no more. Then spake again unto them, saying, I am of the world: he that followeth me shall not walk , but shall have of life. The therefore said unto him, Thou bearest record of thyself; thy record is not true. answered and said unto them, Though I bear record of myself, yet my record is true: for I know whence I came, and whither I go; but ye cannot tell whence I come, and whither I go. Ye judge after ; I judge no man. And yet if I judge, my is true: for I am not alone, but I and that sent me. It is also written in , that the of two men is true. I am one that bear of myself, and that sent me beareth of me. Then said they unto him, Where is thy ? answered, Ye neither know me, nor : if ye had known me, ye should have known also. These words spake in the , as he taught in : and no man laid hands on him; for his hour was not yet come. Then said again unto them, I go my way, and ye shall seek me, and shall in your : whither I go, ye cannot come. Then said the , Will he kill himself? because he saith, Whither I go, ye cannot come. And he said unto them, Ye are from beneath; I am from above: ye are of this world; I am not of this world. I said therefore unto you, that ye shall in your : for if ye not that I am he, ye shall in your . Then said they unto him, Who art thou? And saith unto them, Even the same that I said unto you . I have many things to say and to judge of you: but he that sent me is true; and I speak to the world those things which I have heard of him. They understood not that he spake to them of . Then said unto them, When ye have lifted up , then shall ye know that I am he, and that I do nothing of myself; but as hath taught me, I speak these things. And he that sent me is with me: hath not left me alone; for I do always those things that please him. As he spake these words, many on him. Then said to those which on him, If ye continue in my word, then are ye my indeed; And ye shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free. They answered him, We be ’s , and were never in bondage to any man: how sayest thou, Ye shall be ? answered them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Whosoever committeth is the . And the servant abideth not in the house for ever: but the Son abideth ever. If the Son therefore shall make you free, ye shall be free indeed. I know that ye are ’s ; but ye seek to kill me, because my word hath no place in you. I speak that which I have seen with : and ye do that which ye have seen with your . They answered and said unto him, is . saith unto them, If ye were ’s children, ye would do the works of . But now ye seek to kill me, a man that hath told you the truth, which I have heard of : this did not . Ye do the deeds of your . Then said they to him, We be not born of fornication; we have one , even . said unto them, If were your , ye would love me: for I proceeded forth and came from ; neither came I of myself, but he sent me. Why do ye not understand my speech? even because ye cannot hear my word. Ye are of your the devil, and the lusts of your ye will do. He was a , and abode not in the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he speaketh a lie, he speaketh of his own: for he is a liar, and of it. And because I tell you the truth, ye me not. Which of you convinceth me of ? And if I say the truth, why do ye not me? He that is of heareth ’s words: ye therefore hear them not, because ye are not of . Then answered the , and said unto him, Say we not well that thou art a , and hast a devil? answered, I have not a devil; but I , and ye do dishonour me. And I seek not mine own : there is one that seeketh and judgeth. Verily, verily, I say unto you, If a man keep my saying, he shall never see . Then said the unto him, Now we know that thou hast a devil. is , and ; and thou sayest, If a man keep my saying, he shall never taste of . Art thou greater than , which is ? and are : whom makest thou thyself? answered, If I myself, my is nothing: it is that honoureth me; of whom ye say, that he is your : Yet ye have not known him; but I know him: and if I should say, I know him not, I shall be a liar like unto you: but I know him, and keep his saying. Your rejoiced to see my day: and he saw it, and was glad. 57Then said the unto him, Thou art not yet fifty years old, and hast thou seen ? said unto them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Before was, I am. Then took they up stones to cast at him: but hid himself, and went out of , going through the midst of them, and so passed by.
The 1611 translation, public domain. Its original printing included the Apocrypha, which is why the deuterocanonical books can be read here. Notes and cards are EKLI’s own.
The world at this moment · Under Rome, 63 BC to AD 100 ›
Judea as a client kingdom and then a province. Roads, garrisons, taxes, crucifixion, and a common Greek language that let a message travel the empire faster than any before it.
- Rome
- The republic tears itself apart in civil war and comes out as an empire under Augustus. What follows is two centuries of relative peace across the whole Mediterranean, enforced by legions and paid for by taxes, with safe roads and safe sea lanes. Every one of Paul's journeys depends on that.
- Judea
- Governed first through Herod the Great, a client king of enormous ability and enormous brutality who rebuilds the temple into one of the wonders of the ancient world, then directly by Roman prefects. Crucifixion is the standard penalty for sedition and is used often and publicly.
- The wider world
- Greek is spoken from Spain to Syria, which means a letter written in Corinth can be read in Rome without translation. Jewish communities already exist in most major cities, which is where the first Christian preaching lands. Mystery religions, imperial cult, and philosophy all compete in the same marketplace.
- Further afield
- The Han dynasty rules China and trades silk westward along routes that touch the Roman world at second hand. In Britain the Roman conquest begins within a decade of the crucifixion.