King James Version · Under Rome
Hebrews 8
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Now of the things which we have spoken this is the sum: We have such an , who is set on of of the Majesty in ; A minister of , and of the true , which pitched, and not man. For every is ordained to offer gifts and : wherefore it is of necessity that this man have somewhat also to offer. For if he were on earth, he should not be a priest, seeing that there are priests that offer gifts according to : Who unto the example and shadow of things, as was admonished of when he was about to make the : for, See, saith he, that thou make all things according to the pattern shewed to thee in the mount. But now hath he obtained a more excellent ministry, by how much also he is the mediator of a better , which was established upon better promises. For if that first had been faultless, then should no place have been sought for the second. For finding fault with them, he saith, Behold, the days come, saith , when I will make a with the and with the house of Judah: Not according to that I made with their fathers in the day when I took them by the hand to lead them out of the land of ; because they continued not in my , and I regarded them not, saith . For this is that I will make with the after those days, saith ; I will put my laws into their , and write them in their : and I will be to them a , and they shall be to me a people: And they shall not teach every man his neighbour, and every man his brother, saying, Know : for all shall know me, from the least to the greatest. For I will be merciful to their unrighteousness, and their and their will I remember no more. In that he saith, A , he hath made the first old. Now that which decayeth and waxeth old is ready to vanish away.
The 1611 translation, public domain. Its original printing included the Apocrypha, which is why the deuterocanonical books can be read here. Notes and cards are EKLI’s own.
The world at this moment · Under Rome, 63 BC to AD 100 ›
Judea as a client kingdom and then a province. Roads, garrisons, taxes, crucifixion, and a common Greek language that let a message travel the empire faster than any before it.
- Rome
- The republic tears itself apart in civil war and comes out as an empire under Augustus. What follows is two centuries of relative peace across the whole Mediterranean, enforced by legions and paid for by taxes, with safe roads and safe sea lanes. Every one of Paul's journeys depends on that.
- Judea
- Governed first through Herod the Great, a client king of enormous ability and enormous brutality who rebuilds the temple into one of the wonders of the ancient world, then directly by Roman prefects. Crucifixion is the standard penalty for sedition and is used often and publicly.
- The wider world
- Greek is spoken from Spain to Syria, which means a letter written in Corinth can be read in Rome without translation. Jewish communities already exist in most major cities, which is where the first Christian preaching lands. Mystery religions, imperial cult, and philosophy all compete in the same marketplace.
- Further afield
- The Han dynasty rules China and trades silk westward along routes that touch the Roman world at second hand. In Britain the Roman conquest begins within a decade of the crucifixion.