King James Version · Under Rome
2 Timothy 4
Touch any underlined name to see who or where it is. Tap a verse number to see where it is taken up elsewhere.
I charge thee therefore before , and , who shall judge the quick and at his appearing and ; Preach the word; be instant in season, out of season; reprove, rebuke, exhort with all and doctrine. For the time will come when they will not sound doctrine; but after their own lusts shall they heap to themselves teachers, having itching ears; And they shall turn away their ears from the truth, and shall be turned unto fables. But watch thou in all things, afflictions, do the work of an , make full proof of thy ministry. For I am now ready to be offered, and the time of my departure is at hand. I have fought a good fight, I have finished my course, I have kept the : Henceforth there is laid up for me a of , which , judge, shall give me at that day: and not to me only, but unto all them also that love his appearing. Do thy diligence to come shortly unto me: For hath forsaken me, having loved this present world, and is departed unto ; to Galatia, unto Dalmatia. Only Luke is with me. Take Mark, and bring him with thee: for he is profitable to me for the ministry. And have I sent to . The cloke that I left at with , when thou comest, bring with thee, and the books, but especially the parchments. the coppersmith did me much evil: reward him according to his works: Of whom be thou ware also; for he hath greatly withstood our words. At my first answer no man stood with me, but all men forsook me: I that it may not be laid to their charge. Notwithstanding stood with me, and strengthened me; that by me the preaching might be fully known, and that all the might hear: and I was out of the of the lion. And shall me from every evil work, and will preserve me unto his kingdom: to whom be . . Salute and Aquila, and the household of . abode at : but have I left at Miletum sick. Do thy diligence to come before winter. greeteth thee, and , and , and , and all the brethren. be with thy . be with you. . The second epistle unto , ordained the first bishop of of the Ephesians, was written from , when was brought before the second time.
The 1611 translation, public domain. Its original printing included the Apocrypha, which is why the deuterocanonical books can be read here. Notes and cards are EKLI’s own.
The world at this moment · Under Rome, 63 BC to AD 100 ›
Judea as a client kingdom and then a province. Roads, garrisons, taxes, crucifixion, and a common Greek language that let a message travel the empire faster than any before it.
- Rome
- The republic tears itself apart in civil war and comes out as an empire under Augustus. What follows is two centuries of relative peace across the whole Mediterranean, enforced by legions and paid for by taxes, with safe roads and safe sea lanes. Every one of Paul's journeys depends on that.
- Judea
- Governed first through Herod the Great, a client king of enormous ability and enormous brutality who rebuilds the temple into one of the wonders of the ancient world, then directly by Roman prefects. Crucifixion is the standard penalty for sedition and is used often and publicly.
- The wider world
- Greek is spoken from Spain to Syria, which means a letter written in Corinth can be read in Rome without translation. Jewish communities already exist in most major cities, which is where the first Christian preaching lands. Mystery religions, imperial cult, and philosophy all compete in the same marketplace.
- Further afield
- The Han dynasty rules China and trades silk westward along routes that touch the Roman world at second hand. In Britain the Roman conquest begins within a decade of the crucifixion.