King James Version · Under Rome
2 Corinthians 7
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Having therefore these promises, dearly beloved, let us cleanse ourselves from all filthiness of and , perfecting in . Receive us; we have wronged no man, we have corrupted no man, we have defrauded no man. I speak not this to condemn you: for I have said before, that ye are in our to and live with you. Great is my boldness of speech toward you, great is my glorying of you: I am filled with comfort, I am exceeding joyful in all our tribulation. For, when we were come into , our had no rest, but we were troubled on every side; without were fightings, within were fears. Nevertheless , that comforteth those that are cast down, comforted us by the coming of ; And not by his coming only, but by the consolation wherewith he was comforted in you, when he told us your earnest , your , your fervent toward me; so that I rejoiced the more. For though I made you sorry with a letter, I do not , though I did : for I perceive that the same epistle hath made you sorry, though it were but for a season. Now I rejoice, not that ye were made sorry, but that ye sorrowed to : for ye were made sorry after a godly manner, that ye might receive damage by us in nothing. For godly sorrow worketh to not to be of: but the sorrow of the world worketh . For behold this selfsame thing, that ye sorrowed after a godly sort, what carefulness it wrought in you, yea, what clearing of yourselves, yea, what , yea, what fear, yea, what vehement , yea, what , yea, what ! In all things ye have approved yourselves to be clear in this matter. Wherefore, though I wrote unto you, I did it not for his cause that had done the wrong, nor for his cause that suffered wrong, but that our care for you in the sight of might appear unto you. Therefore we were comforted in your comfort: yea, and exceedingly the more joyed we for the joy of , because his was refreshed by you all. For if I have boasted any thing to him of you, I am not ; but as we spake all things to you in truth, even so our boasting, which I made before , is found a truth. And his inward affection is more abundant toward you, whilst he remembereth the of you all, how with fear and trembling ye received him. I rejoice therefore that I have confidence in you in all things.
The 1611 translation, public domain. Its original printing included the Apocrypha, which is why the deuterocanonical books can be read here. Notes and cards are EKLI’s own.
The world at this moment · Under Rome, 63 BC to AD 100 ›
Judea as a client kingdom and then a province. Roads, garrisons, taxes, crucifixion, and a common Greek language that let a message travel the empire faster than any before it.
- Rome
- The republic tears itself apart in civil war and comes out as an empire under Augustus. What follows is two centuries of relative peace across the whole Mediterranean, enforced by legions and paid for by taxes, with safe roads and safe sea lanes. Every one of Paul's journeys depends on that.
- Judea
- Governed first through Herod the Great, a client king of enormous ability and enormous brutality who rebuilds the temple into one of the wonders of the ancient world, then directly by Roman prefects. Crucifixion is the standard penalty for sedition and is used often and publicly.
- The wider world
- Greek is spoken from Spain to Syria, which means a letter written in Corinth can be read in Rome without translation. Jewish communities already exist in most major cities, which is where the first Christian preaching lands. Mystery religions, imperial cult, and philosophy all compete in the same marketplace.
- Further afield
- The Han dynasty rules China and trades silk westward along routes that touch the Roman world at second hand. In Britain the Roman conquest begins within a decade of the crucifixion.