King James Version · Under Rome
1 Timothy 4
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Now speaketh expressly, that in the latter times some shall depart from the , giving heed to seducing spirits, and doctrines of devils; Speaking lies in ; having their seared with a hot iron; Forbidding to marry, and commanding to abstain from meats, which hath created to be received with of them which and know the truth. For every creature of is good, and nothing to be refused, if it be received with : For it is by the word of and . If thou put the brethren in remembrance of these things, thou shalt be a good minister of , nourished up in the words of and of good doctrine, whereunto thou hast attained. But refuse profane and old wives’ fables, and exercise thyself rather unto godliness. For bodily exercise profiteth little: but godliness is profitable unto all things, having promise of the life that now is, and of that which is to come. This is a saying and worthy of all acceptation. For therefore we both labour and suffer , because we in the living , who is the of all men, specially of those that . These things command and teach. Let no man despise thy youth; but be thou an example of the believers, in word, in conversation, in charity, in , in , in purity. Till I come, give attendance to reading, to exhortation, to doctrine. Neglect not the gift that is in thee, which was given thee by , with the laying on of the hands of the presbytery. upon these things; give thyself wholly to them; that thy profiting may appear to all. Take heed unto thyself, and unto the doctrine; continue in them: for in doing this thou shalt both thyself, and them that hear thee.
The 1611 translation, public domain. Its original printing included the Apocrypha, which is why the deuterocanonical books can be read here. Notes and cards are EKLI’s own.
The world at this moment · Under Rome, 63 BC to AD 100 ›
Judea as a client kingdom and then a province. Roads, garrisons, taxes, crucifixion, and a common Greek language that let a message travel the empire faster than any before it.
- Rome
- The republic tears itself apart in civil war and comes out as an empire under Augustus. What follows is two centuries of relative peace across the whole Mediterranean, enforced by legions and paid for by taxes, with safe roads and safe sea lanes. Every one of Paul's journeys depends on that.
- Judea
- Governed first through Herod the Great, a client king of enormous ability and enormous brutality who rebuilds the temple into one of the wonders of the ancient world, then directly by Roman prefects. Crucifixion is the standard penalty for sedition and is used often and publicly.
- The wider world
- Greek is spoken from Spain to Syria, which means a letter written in Corinth can be read in Rome without translation. Jewish communities already exist in most major cities, which is where the first Christian preaching lands. Mystery religions, imperial cult, and philosophy all compete in the same marketplace.
- Further afield
- The Han dynasty rules China and trades silk westward along routes that touch the Roman world at second hand. In Britain the Roman conquest begins within a decade of the crucifixion.