World English Bible · Under Rome
Hebrews 5
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For every , being taken from among men, is appointed for men in things pertaining to , that he may offer both gifts and for . The can deal gently with those who are ignorant and going astray, because he himself is also surrounded with weakness. Because of this, he must offer for for the people, as well as for himself. Nobody takes this on himself, but he is called by , like was. So also Christ didn't himself to be made a , but it was he who said to him, "You are my Son. Today I have become your ." As he says also in another place, "You are a priest , after the order of ." He, in the days of his , having offered up prayers and petitions with strong crying and tears to him who was able to him from , and having been heard for his godly fear, though he was a Son, yet learned by the things which he suffered. Having been made perfect, he became to all of those who him the author of , named by a after the order of . About him we have many words to say, and hard to , seeing you have become dull of hearing. For although by this time you should be teachers, you again need to have someone teach you the rudiments of the first principles of the revelations of . You have come to need milk, and not solid food. For everyone who lives on milk is not experienced in the word of , for he is a baby. But solid food is for those who are full grown, who by reason of use have their senses exercised to discern good and evil.
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The world at this moment · Under Rome, 63 BC to AD 100 ›
Judea as a client kingdom and then a province. Roads, garrisons, taxes, crucifixion, and a common Greek language that let a message travel the empire faster than any before it.
- Rome
- The republic tears itself apart in civil war and comes out as an empire under Augustus. What follows is two centuries of relative peace across the whole Mediterranean, enforced by legions and paid for by taxes, with safe roads and safe sea lanes. Every one of Paul's journeys depends on that.
- Judea
- Governed first through Herod the Great, a client king of enormous ability and enormous brutality who rebuilds the temple into one of the wonders of the ancient world, then directly by Roman prefects. Crucifixion is the standard penalty for sedition and is used often and publicly.
- The wider world
- Greek is spoken from Spain to Syria, which means a letter written in Corinth can be read in Rome without translation. Jewish communities already exist in most major cities, which is where the first Christian preaching lands. Mystery religions, imperial cult, and philosophy all compete in the same marketplace.
- Further afield
- The Han dynasty rules China and trades silk westward along routes that touch the Roman world at second hand. In Britain the Roman conquest begins within a decade of the crucifixion.