World English Bible · Under Rome
Hebrews 3
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Therefore, brothers, partakers of a calling, consider the and of our : , who was to him who appointed him, as also was in all his house. For he has been counted worthy of more than , because he who built the house has more than the house. For every house is built by someone; but he who built all things is . indeed was in all his house as a servant, for a of those things which were afterward to be spoken, but Christ is as a Son over his house. We are his house, if we hold our confidence and the glorying of our firm to the end. Therefore, even as says, "Today if you will hear his voice, don't harden your as in the rebellion, in the day of the in , where your fathers me and tried me, and saw my deeds for forty years. Therefore I was displeased with that generation, and said, 'They always err in their , but they didn't know my ways.' As I in my , 'They will not enter into .'" Beware, brothers, lest perhaps there might be in any one of you an evil of unbelief, in falling away from the living ; but exhort one another day by day, so long as it is called "today", lest any one of you be hardened by the deceitfulness of . For we have become partakers of Christ, if we hold the beginning of our confidence firm to the end, while it is said, "Today if you will hear his voice, don't harden your , as in the rebellion." For who, when they heard, rebelled? Wasn't it all those who came out of led by ? With whom was he displeased forty years? Wasn't it with those who , whose bodies fell in ? To whom did he that they wouldn't enter into his rest, but to those who were ? We see that they weren't able to enter in because of unbelief.
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The world at this moment · Under Rome, 63 BC to AD 100 ›
Judea as a client kingdom and then a province. Roads, garrisons, taxes, crucifixion, and a common Greek language that let a message travel the empire faster than any before it.
- Rome
- The republic tears itself apart in civil war and comes out as an empire under Augustus. What follows is two centuries of relative peace across the whole Mediterranean, enforced by legions and paid for by taxes, with safe roads and safe sea lanes. Every one of Paul's journeys depends on that.
- Judea
- Governed first through Herod the Great, a client king of enormous ability and enormous brutality who rebuilds the temple into one of the wonders of the ancient world, then directly by Roman prefects. Crucifixion is the standard penalty for sedition and is used often and publicly.
- The wider world
- Greek is spoken from Spain to Syria, which means a letter written in Corinth can be read in Rome without translation. Jewish communities already exist in most major cities, which is where the first Christian preaching lands. Mystery religions, imperial cult, and philosophy all compete in the same marketplace.
- Further afield
- The Han dynasty rules China and trades silk westward along routes that touch the Roman world at second hand. In Britain the Roman conquest begins within a decade of the crucifixion.