World English Bible · Egypt and Sinai
Exodus 30
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"You shall make an to on. You shall make it of acacia wood. Its length shall be a , and its width a . It shall be square, and its height shall be two . Its shall be of one piece with it. You shall overlay it with pure gold, its top, its sides around it, and its ; and you shall make a gold molding around it. You shall make two golden rings for it under its molding; on its two ribs, on its two sides you shall make them; and they shall be for places for poles with which to bear it. You shall make the poles of acacia wood, and overlay them with gold. You shall put it before that is by the , before the that is over , where I will meet with you. shall of sweet spices on it every morning. When he tends the lamps, he shall burn it. When lights the lamps at evening, he shall burn it, a perpetual before throughout your generations. You shall offer no strange on it, nor burnt offering, nor ; and you shall pour no drink on it. shall make atonement on its once in the year; with of the of atonement once in the year he shall make atonement for it throughout your generations. It is most to ." 11 spoke to , saying, "When you take a census of the , according to those who are counted among them, then each man shall give a for his to when you count them, that there be no plague among them when you count them. They shall give this, everyone who passes over to those who are counted, half a according to the (the is twenty gerahs); half a for an to . Everyone who passes over to those who are counted, from twenty years old and upward, shall give the to . The rich shall not give more, and shall not give less, than the , when they give the of , to make atonement for your . You shall take the atonement money from the , and shall appoint it for the of the ; that it may be a memorial for the before , to make atonement for your ." 17 spoke to , saying, "You shall also make a basin of bronze, and its base of bronze, in which to wash. You shall put it between the and the , and you shall put water in it. and his sons shall wash their hands and their feet in it. When they go into the , they shall wash with water, that they don't ; or when they come near to the to minister, to burn an made by to . So they shall wash their hands and their feet, that they not . This shall be a to them, even to him and to his throughout their generations." 22Moreover spoke to , saying, "Also take fine spices: of liquid myrrh, five hundred ; and of fragrant cinnamon half as much, even two hundred and fifty; and of fragrant cane, two hundred and fifty; and of cassia five hundred, according to the ; and a hin of olive oil. You shall make it into a anointing oil, a perfume compounded after the art of the perfumer: it shall be a anointing oil. You shall use it to anoint the , the , 27the table and all its articles, the lamp stand and its accessories, the , 28the of burnt offering with all its utensils, and the basin with its base. You shall them, that they may be most . Whatever touches them shall be . You shall anoint and his sons, and them, that they may minister to me in the priest's office. You shall speak to the , saying, 'This shall be a anointing oil to me throughout your generations. It shall not be poured on man's , and do not make any like it, according to its composition. It is . It shall be to you. Whoever compounds any like it, or whoever puts any of it on a , he from his people.'" said to , "Take to yourself sweet spices, gum resin, onycha, and galbanum: sweet spices with pure . There shall be an equal weight of each. You shall make of it, a perfume after the art of the perfumer, seasoned with salt, pure and . You shall beat some of it very small, and put some of it before in the , where I will meet with you. It shall be to you most . You shall not make this , according to its composition, for yourselves: it shall be to you for . Whoever shall make any like that, to smell of it, he from his people."
A public domain modern English translation, free to read and share. Notes and cards are EKLI’s own.
The world at this moment · Egypt and Sinai, 1450 BC to 1200 BC ›
Israel in and then out of Egypt, at a period when Egypt was an imperial power that also controlled Canaan. The nation is formed as a people with a law before it has any land.
- Egypt
- The New Kingdom at its imperial peak, with a professional army, a chariot corps, and control reaching up through Canaan. Ramesses II reigns for sixty-six years and covers the country in monuments to himself. Egyptian power in this period is the reason Canaan is garrisoned rather than free.
- The Hittites
- The other superpower, in what is now Turkey, and Egypt's rival for the Levant. The two fight the largest chariot battle of the ancient world at Kadesh, then sign a treaty whose text survives from both sides. Hittite treaty form, with its historical prologue, stipulations, witnesses, blessings, and curses, is the shape the Sinai covenant takes, which is one of the stronger arguments for the antiquity of that material.
- The Aegean
- Mycenaean Greece: warrior kings in stone citadels at Mycenae and Pylos, keeping palace accounts in Linear B. The world of the Trojan War stories, whatever lies behind them.
- Further afield
- The Shang dynasty in China is casting extraordinary bronzes and writing questions to its ancestors on ox bones. In Mesoamerica the Olmec are beginning the first civilisation of the Americas.