World English Bible · Under Rome
John 19
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So then took and flogged him. The soldiers twisted into a and put it on his head, and dressed him in a purple garment. They kept saying, "Hail, King of the !" and they kept slapping him. Then went out again, and said to them, "Behold, I bring him out to you, that you may know that I find no basis for a charge against him." therefore came out, wearing the and the purple garment. said to them, "Behold, the man!" When therefore the and the officers saw him, they shouted, saying, "! !" said to them, "Take him yourselves and him, for I find no basis for a charge against him." The answered him, "We have a law, and by our law he ought to , because he made himself the Son of ." When therefore heard this saying, he was more afraid. He entered into the Praetorium again, and said to , "Where are you from?" But gave him no answer. therefore said to him, "Aren't you speaking to me? Don't you know that I have to you and have to you?" answered, "You would have no at all against me, unless it were given to you from above. Therefore he who me to you has greater ." At this, was seeking to him, but the cried out, saying, "If you this man, you aren't friend! Everyone who makes himself a king speaks against !" When therefore heard these words, he brought out and sat down on the seat at a place called "The Pavement", but in , "Gabbatha." Now it was the Preparation Day of , at about the sixth hour. He said to the , "Behold, your King!" They cried out, "Away with him! Away with him! him!" said to them, "Shall I your King?" The answered, "We have no king but !" So then he him to them to be . So they took and led him away. He went out, bearing his , to the place called "", which is called in , "", where they him, and with him two others, on either side one, and in the middle. wrote a title also, and put it on . There was written, " OF , THE KING OF THE ." Therefore many of the read this title, for the place where was was near the city; and it was written in , in Latin, and in . The of the therefore said to , "Don't write, 'The King of the ,' but, 'he said, "I am King of the ."'" answered, "What I have written, I have written." Then the soldiers, when they had , took his garments and made four parts, to every soldier a part; and also the tunic. Now the tunic was without seam, woven from the top throughout. Then they said to one another, "Let's not tear it, but cast lots for it to decide whose it will be," that the might be fulfilled, which says, "They parted my garments among them. They cast lots for my clothing." Therefore the soldiers did these things. But standing by ' were his mother, his mother's sister, the wife of , and . Therefore when saw his mother, and the whom he loved standing there, he said to his mother, "Woman, behold, your son!" Then he said to the , "Behold, your mother!" From that hour, the took her to his own home. After this, , seeing that all things were now finished, that the might be fulfilled, said, "I am thirsty!" Now a full of vinegar was set there; so they put a sponge full of the vinegar on , and held it at his . When therefore had received the vinegar, he said, "It is finished!" Then he bowed his head and gave up his . Therefore the , because it was the Preparation Day, so that the bodies wouldn't on on the (for that was a special one), asked of that their legs might be broken and that they might be taken away. Therefore the soldiers came and broke the legs of the first and of the other who was with him; 33but when they came to and saw that he was already , they didn't break his legs. However, one of the soldiers pierced his side with a spear, and immediately and water came out. He who has seen has testified, and his is true. He knows that he tells the truth, that you may . For these things happened that the might be fulfilled, "A bone of him will not be broken." Again another says, "They will look on him whom they pierced." After these things, of Arimathaea, being of , but secretly for fear of the , asked of that he might take away ' body. gave him permission. He came therefore and took away his body. , who at first came to by night, also came bringing a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about a hundred pounds. So they took ' body, and bound it in linen cloths with the spices, as the custom of the is to bury. Now in the place where he was there was a garden. In the garden was a new in which no man had ever yet been laid. Then, because of the ' Preparation Day (for the was near at hand), they laid there.
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The world at this moment · Under Rome, 63 BC to AD 100 ›
Judea as a client kingdom and then a province. Roads, garrisons, taxes, crucifixion, and a common Greek language that let a message travel the empire faster than any before it.
- Rome
- The republic tears itself apart in civil war and comes out as an empire under Augustus. What follows is two centuries of relative peace across the whole Mediterranean, enforced by legions and paid for by taxes, with safe roads and safe sea lanes. Every one of Paul's journeys depends on that.
- Judea
- Governed first through Herod the Great, a client king of enormous ability and enormous brutality who rebuilds the temple into one of the wonders of the ancient world, then directly by Roman prefects. Crucifixion is the standard penalty for sedition and is used often and publicly.
- The wider world
- Greek is spoken from Spain to Syria, which means a letter written in Corinth can be read in Rome without translation. Jewish communities already exist in most major cities, which is where the first Christian preaching lands. Mystery religions, imperial cult, and philosophy all compete in the same marketplace.
- Further afield
- The Han dynasty rules China and trades silk westward along routes that touch the Roman world at second hand. In Britain the Roman conquest begins within a decade of the crucifixion.