World English Bible · Under Rome
2 Timothy 2
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You therefore, my child, be strengthened in the that is in Christ . The things which you have heard from me among many , commit the same things to men who will be able to teach others also. You therefore must hardship as a good soldier of Christ . No soldier on duty entangles himself in the affairs of life, that he may please him who enrolled him as a soldier. Also, if anyone competes in athletics, he isn't unless he has competed by the rules. The farmer who labors must be the first to get a share of the crops. Consider what I say, and may give you understanding in all things. Remember , from , of the of , according to my , in which I suffer hardship to the point of chains as a criminal. But word isn't chained. Therefore I all things for the chosen ones' sake, that they also may obtain the which is in Christ with . This saying is trustworthy: "For if we with him, we will also live with him. If we , we will also reign with him. If we deny him, he also will deny us. If we are faithless, he ; for he can't deny himself." Remind them of these things, charging them in the sight of that they don't argue about words to no profit, to the subverting of those who hear. Give diligence to present yourself approved by , a workman who doesn't need to be , properly handling the Word of Truth. But shun empty chatter, for it will go further in ungodliness, and those words will consume like gangrene, of whom is and : men who have erred concerning the truth, saying that the is already past, and overthrowing the of some. However, firm foundation stands, having this seal: " knows those who are his," and, "Let every one who names the name of depart from unrighteousness." Now in a large house there are not only vessels of gold and of silver, but also of wood and of . Some are for and some for dishonor. If anyone therefore purges himself from these, he will be a for , , and suitable for the master's use, prepared for every good work. Flee from youthful lusts; but pursue , , love, and peace with those who call on out of a pure . But refuse foolish and ignorant questionings, knowing that they generate strife. servant must not quarrel, but be gentle toward all, able to teach, , in gentleness correcting those who oppose him. Perhaps may give them leading to a full knowledge of the truth, and they may recover themselves out of the devil's snare, having been taken by him to do his will.
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The world at this moment · Under Rome, 63 BC to AD 100 ›
Judea as a client kingdom and then a province. Roads, garrisons, taxes, crucifixion, and a common Greek language that let a message travel the empire faster than any before it.
- Rome
- The republic tears itself apart in civil war and comes out as an empire under Augustus. What follows is two centuries of relative peace across the whole Mediterranean, enforced by legions and paid for by taxes, with safe roads and safe sea lanes. Every one of Paul's journeys depends on that.
- Judea
- Governed first through Herod the Great, a client king of enormous ability and enormous brutality who rebuilds the temple into one of the wonders of the ancient world, then directly by Roman prefects. Crucifixion is the standard penalty for sedition and is used often and publicly.
- The wider world
- Greek is spoken from Spain to Syria, which means a letter written in Corinth can be read in Rome without translation. Jewish communities already exist in most major cities, which is where the first Christian preaching lands. Mystery religions, imperial cult, and philosophy all compete in the same marketplace.
- Further afield
- The Han dynasty rules China and trades silk westward along routes that touch the Roman world at second hand. In Britain the Roman conquest begins within a decade of the crucifixion.