New Testament · General Letters

3 John

Two men, two ways, Gaius the hospitable, Diotrephes who loved to be first.

1
Chapter
John
Attributed
Under Rome
Era

The shortest book in the Bible, and the most ordinary, which is precisely its interest: it is a glimpse of church life as administration and personality. Three men are named. Gaius is commended for supporting travelling missionaries. Diotrephes, who likes to put himself first, refuses to welcome them, talks nonsense about the writer, and throws out anyone who tries. Demetrius is well spoken of by everyone. There is no doctrine under dispute here at all; the problem is a man who will not share authority, and the letter's promise to bring it up when he visits is left hanging. It ends, as 2 John does, with a preference for talking in person over writing.

If you remember one thing

The shortest book in the Bible, and its subject is a church problem anyone would recognize: a man who liked being in charge.

Who, when, and why

Written
The elder, to Gaius.
First readers
One man, in a congregation with a domineering leader.
Why it was written
To commend hospitality and confront Diotrephes, who loved to be first.

How it is shaped

  1. 1 to 8Gaius commended for hospitality
  2. 9 to 10Diotrephes, who loves to be first
  3. 11 to 15Demetrius, and a farewell

What it keeps coming back to

HospitalityChurch powerImitating good

A verse to carry

I have no greater joy than this, to hear about my children walking in truth.

3 John 4

Passages that trouble readers

3 John 9-10

A named church leader refusing hospitality and expelling those who offer it. The letter records the conflict without resolving it, which is unusually candid.

Named here rather than skipped. Where Christians read a passage differently, we say so instead of choosing for you.