New Testament · General Letters

1 Peter

Hope for exiles, a living hope, holy conduct, and suffering that refines like gold.

5
Chapters
Peter
Attributed
Under Rome
Era

A letter to Christians scattered across what is now Turkey, written to people who are being socially excluded and slandered rather than formally persecuted, which is the more common experience. Peter's strategy is to reframe their marginality: they are exiles and sojourners, which is not a misfortune but a description, and their conduct among outsiders is the argument. The letter is saturated with Old Testament language applied without hesitation to a largely Gentile audience, a chosen race, a royal priesthood, a holy nation. It also contains the passage about Christ preaching to the spirits in prison, which is among the most puzzling in the New Testament and has produced several serious and quite different readings.

If you remember one thing

The letter takes the language once used of Israel and applies it to a scattered, harassed, mostly Gentile church.

Who, when, and why

Written
Peter, to churches in what is now Turkey.
First readers
Believers described as exiles, facing social hostility.
Why it was written
To make sense of suffering that was not punishment.

How it is shaped

  1. 1 to 2:10A living hope, and a chosen people
  2. 2:11 to 3:12Living well among outsiders
  3. 3:13 to 4:19Suffering for doing good
  4. 5Elders, humility, and final greetings

What it keeps coming back to

Living hopeExile identitySuffering that refinesHoliness

A verse to carry

But you are a chosen race, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a people for God’s own possession.

1 Peter 2:9

Passages that trouble readers

1 Peter 3:18-20

Christ preaching to the spirits in prison. Among the most puzzling passages in the New Testament, with several serious and quite different readings, and connected to the creed's line about descending.

1 Peter 2:18

Servants, submit even to harsh masters. Read in its setting it is counsel to the powerless rather than approval of the arrangement, and it has been misused as the latter.

Named here rather than skipped. Where Christians read a passage differently, we say so instead of choosing for you.