World English Bible · Egypt and Sinai
Numbers 30
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spoke to the heads of the tribes of the , saying, "This is the thing which has commanded. When a man a to , or swears an to bind his with a bond, he shall not break his word. He shall do according to all that proceeds out of his . 3"Also, when a woman a to and binds herself by a pledge, being in her house, in her youth, 4and her hears her and her pledge with which she has bound her , and her says nothing to her, then all her shall stand, and every pledge with which she has bound her shall stand. But if her forbids her in the day that he hears, none of her or of her pledges with which she has bound her , shall stand. will forgive her, because her has forbidden her. "If she has a husband, while her are on her, or the rash utterance of her with which she has bound her , 7and her husband hears it, and says nothing to her in the day that he hears it; then her shall stand, and her pledges with which she has bound her shall stand. But if her husband forbids her in the day that he hears it, then he makes void her which is on her and the rash utterance of her , with which she has bound her . will forgive her. "But the of a , or of her who is , everything with which she has bound her shall stand against her. 10"If she in her husband's house or bound her by a bond with an , 11and her husband heard it, and held his peace at her and didn't disallow her, then all her shall stand, and every pledge with which she bound her shall stand. But if her husband made them null and void in the day that he heard them, then whatever proceeded out of her concerning her , or concerning the bond of her , shall not stand. Her husband has made them void. will forgive her. Every , and every binding to afflict the , her husband may establish it, or her husband may make it void. 14But if her husband says nothing to her from day to day, then he establishes all her or all her pledges which are on her. He has established them, because he said nothing to her in the day that he heard them. But if he makes them null and void after he has heard them, then he shall bear her ." These are the which commanded , between a man and his wife, between a and his daughter, being in her youth, in her house.
A public domain modern English translation, free to read and share. Notes and cards are EKLI’s own.
The world at this moment · Egypt and Sinai, 1450 BC to 1200 BC ›
Israel in and then out of Egypt, at a period when Egypt was an imperial power that also controlled Canaan. The nation is formed as a people with a law before it has any land.
- Egypt
- The New Kingdom at its imperial peak, with a professional army, a chariot corps, and control reaching up through Canaan. Ramesses II reigns for sixty-six years and covers the country in monuments to himself. Egyptian power in this period is the reason Canaan is garrisoned rather than free.
- The Hittites
- The other superpower, in what is now Turkey, and Egypt's rival for the Levant. The two fight the largest chariot battle of the ancient world at Kadesh, then sign a treaty whose text survives from both sides. Hittite treaty form, with its historical prologue, stipulations, witnesses, blessings, and curses, is the shape the Sinai covenant takes, which is one of the stronger arguments for the antiquity of that material.
- The Aegean
- Mycenaean Greece: warrior kings in stone citadels at Mycenae and Pylos, keeping palace accounts in Linear B. The world of the Trojan War stories, whatever lies behind them.
- Further afield
- The Shang dynasty in China is casting extraordinary bronzes and writing questions to its ancestors on ox bones. In Mesoamerica the Olmec are beginning the first civilisation of the Americas.