The Deuterocanon

Tobit

A blind father, a long road, a hidden angel, charity and providence in exile.

A folk tale with a fish in it, and one of the most charming things in the ancient Jewish library. A blind, scrupulously observant exile in Nineveh sends his son on a journey; the son acquires a travelling companion who turns out to be the angel Raphael, catches a fish whose organs cure both blindness and a demon, and marries a woman whose seven previous husbands all died on the wedding night. Tobit is where the tradition of Raphael as a named archangel largely comes from. Received as Scripture by Catholics and Orthodox, placed among the Apocrypha by Anglicans and most Protestants, and not in the Jewish canon, though fragments in Hebrew and Aramaic turned up at Qumran, which surprised scholars who had assumed a Greek original.

If you remember one thing

A blind old man, a long journey, and a traveling companion who turns out to be the angel Raphael. It is the closest thing to a novel in the deuterocanon.

Who, when, and why

Written
Composed in the Persian or early Greek period, set during the Assyrian exile.
First readers
Jews living far from Jerusalem.
Why it was written
A family story about faithfulness in a foreign land.

How it is shaped

  1. 1 to 3Tobit's piety and blindness
  2. 4 to 6The journey with Raphael
  3. 7 to 9Marriage to Sarah, and the demon
  4. 10 to 14Return, healing, and thanksgiving

What it keeps coming back to

CharityBurying the deadMarriageAngelic help unrecognized

A verse to carry

What you hate, do not do to anyone.

Tobit 4:15

Passages that trouble readers

Tobit 6:1-8

Fish organs driving off a demon and curing blindness. Read as folk narrative by most, and it is worth saying that the book reads as a story rather than a chronicle.

Canon

Received as Scripture by Catholics and Orthodox, placed among the Apocrypha by Anglicans and Protestants, and absent from the Jewish canon.

Named here rather than skipped. Where Christians read a passage differently, we say so instead of choosing for you.

Who receives this book

Catholic Orthodox Protestant · Apocrypha

Scripture for Catholic and Orthodox churches; among the Apocrypha in Protestant traditions.