Old Testament · Minor Prophets

Obadiah

One chapter for Edom, the brother who gloated will be brought down from the cliffs.

1
Chapter
Babylon and the exile
Era
Nevi'im
Hebrew canon

The shortest book in the Old Testament, twenty-one verses, and every one of them aimed at Edom. Edom descended from Esau, Jacob's brother, which makes this a family matter, and the charge is specific: when Jerusalem fell, Edom stood at the crossroads watching, gloated, and handed over the survivors trying to escape. The book is about the particular sin of standing by. Its wider claim, that the day of the LORD is near upon all nations and that what you have done will be done to you, gives the small book a reach beyond its subject. Edom disappeared from history within a few centuries; the mountain fortresses it trusted are ruins visited by tourists.

If you remember one thing

The shortest book in the Old Testament, twenty-one verses, all of it aimed at one nation that stood by and enjoyed a relative's disaster.

Who, when, and why

Written
Obadiah, otherwise unknown. Most place it shortly after Jerusalem fell in 586 BC, since the offence it addresses is Edom's behaviour on that day.
First readers
Judah, freshly plundered, watching Edom pick over the ruins.
Why it was written
Edom gloated when Jerusalem fell.

How it is shaped

  1. 1 to 9Edom's pride and its fall
  2. 10 to 14What Edom did on the day of Jerusalem's ruin
  3. 15 to 21The day of the LORD upon all nations

What it keeps coming back to

PrideFamily betrayalThe Day of the LORD for the nations

A verse to carry

For the day of the LORD is near all the nations! As you have done, it will be done to you. Your deeds will return upon your own head.

Obadiah 15

Passages that trouble readers

Obadiah 10

For the violence done to your brother Jacob. The whole book turns on the fact that Edom and Israel were kin, which makes it an oracle about family as much as about nations.

Named here rather than skipped. Where Christians read a passage differently, we say so instead of choosing for you.